Young girls on their periods. The stiff material gets wet quickly .

Young girls on their periods 83% hide their period products when they walk out of class to go to the bathroom. As a result, their periods can be light or heavy, long or short, Aug 27, 2024 · Discover ways to support young people with disabilities during their periods. 58 $26. When the menstrual cycle begins, emotions can be difficult to process, and physical symptoms can make it harder for them to maintain healthy activity Browse 53,200+ cartoon of girls on their periods stock illustrations and vector graphics available royalty-free, or start a new search to explore more great stock images and vector art. Having your period every 2 to 3 months or very light periods may be The national average age for a girl to get her first period is 12, and girls can start as early as age 8. There have been children who have given birth at age 6. Guiding Young Girls Toward Fertility First Period kit for Girls | 22 PC Period Packs for Young Girls First Time | First Period Gift for Teen Girls with Sanitary Pad Storage Bag, Wipes, Bracelet, Eye Mask, Socks and More. en should my periods start & what changes should I expect? Most girls will start their periods around the age of 12, which is the time you change from primary school to secondary school, but some girls may start their periods as early as 8 or as late as 15 . 58 /Count). The Knowing the signs of a first period can help young females and their parents or caregivers feel prepared. In this article, we will explore strategies to help 11-year-old girls swim confidently during their menstrual cycle. Controversial. Do Periods Happen Regularly When Menstruation Starts? For the first few years after a girls starts her period, it may not come regularly. Many others design their diets and workouts to meet their Jun 17, 2021 · Female hygiene brand Libresse has urged Chinese female consumers to not be ashamed about their periods in their campaign “stop hiding your period”. If you are more than 16 and still not menstruating, you should let your doctor know. This is normal at first. are getting their first period earlier than in decades past. READ MORE What age do girls get their first period? Mean age to get your first period is 14 to 16 years. Approximately 13 per cent of Australian girls get their periods between ages 8 to 11, according to Ms Bellas. Too often, conversations about periods are May 28, 2019 · This meant that not all girls and young women featured in the report had the same experience with learning about menstruation in school. ‘I’ve read some comments from young people who say they One in five girls and young women in Britain are experiencing abusive behaviour linked to their periods — and the stigma and shame that still exists around menstruation is contributing to education and health issues. Images. Hormones are chemical messeng However, it can vary greatly when girls first starts their period. Old. In some places, menstruation is associated with stigma and girls feel embarrassed, often A girl getting her first period can be a distressing and confusing time. ” Sep 27, 2024 · A third of teens and young adults in the U. Getting your period at any age is a big, confusing, painful deal. The result of not educating girls about menstruation before it starts means that their initial 5 days ago · When Do Girls Get Their First Period? Girls often experience their first period about two years after they start developing breasts. Most girls will start their periods around the age of 12, which is the time you change from primary school to secondary school, but some girls start their period as early as 8 or as late as 15. This article exposes prevalent myths and practices related to menstruation, shedding light on the dangers posed by cultural stigma May 22, 2024 · Many young girls in India are getting their periods earlier than expected, which has raised alarms among health experts. Boards. Hormones like estrogen and progesterone regulate the menstrual A menstrual cycle is a natural process in the life of every human with a uterus, and during reproductive years. “Girls have their period once a month, it can hurt a little, but is usually manageable and completely normal. Teens with acne that are not responding to simple measures are Empowering Teenage Girls to Know Their Bodies: A conversation with Emily Sederstrand. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. . AI Generator. They can ram a tam up in there with ease right off the bat or after one or two attempts. I was just 12-years-old the first time I pretended to have my period. 4. Get higher quality Girls On Their Periods content, for less—All of our 4K video clips are the same price as HD. can’t afford or otherwise access menstrual products, according to new research from Children’s National Hospital in Washington, D. But sometimes it comes a few years earlier or later. Menstruation in girls and adolescents: Using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign More girls are starting their periods younger than ever before - scientists think they've finally found what's causing it. 13. Educating young girls about their periods lays the foundation for future family planning and reproductive health discussions. Here’s what determines this age. 1 day ago · The fastest rate of height growth usually occurs in girls between when breast buds start to develop and about 6 months before they get their period. Have to figure out how May 23, 2024 · Jessica Biel's new book, 'A Kids Book About Periods,' is helping her talk to her sons, Silas and Phineas, and overcome years of trying to be a cool girl. When youth understand menstrual health, they are Mar 4, 2016 · In order to make both girls and boys feel comfortable about it, we need to talk about the matter. Generally, a big deal should One thing few people have been talking about since Roe v. The start of menstruation, also known as having one's period, is one of the most important turning points in this journey. To anyone thinking young girls can’t get pregnant because of how this is described, please know that I know a little girl who had her first period at age 6. “Period poverty can expose Jul 12, 2023 · Of girls who avoided exercise on their periods, 73% said it was due to pain and 62% did so out of fear of leakage. Lots of people will start their periods around the age of 12, but it could be earlier or later than that. Open comment sort options. But hitting menarche without awareness can be a traumatic or shocking experience for a young girl. 3 Research released today by Nuffield Health reveals the significant impact of period stigma on young girls in the UK, as one in three (33%) aged 11-16 are uncomfortable taking part in physical activity whilst menstruating. Like Rios, young girls and women in Florida—many of whom got their periods before sixth grade—say they’re concerned about the reality that (mostly male) legislators want to limit sex Menstrual periods occur once a month and can last from a few days to a week. Best. 6 per cent to 15. Research conducted by Harvard University's public health school found that, in the US, the time of a person's Young girls are often between 8 and 15 years old when they experience their first period. She’s likely to have crushes, to Aug 12, 2024 · Getting your first period—which typically occurs between the ages of 10 and 16—can bring up a lot of questions, not only for a young person but also for their parent, guardian, or confidante. between 2014 and 2020, found that since the pandemic, more The majority of girls on the swim team learn how to use tampons when they get their periods. ” Even if you haven’t heard the word “menarche” Why Are Girls Getting Their Periods So Young? Three weeks before her eighth birthday, Josie got her period at school. Delve into the dichotomy between those who view it as a natural part of growing up and those who contend with harmful cultural beliefs. The book covers all the topics parents want to cover with their Books as tools to teach girls about their periods. Across the globe, period shame and period poverty contributes to health Feb 9, 2024 · Similar issues occur as students grow older. Hormones are chemical messeng Explore Authentic Of Girls Having Their Period Stock Photos & Images For Your Project Or Campaign. You will start noticing some changes in your body, 1 Many of Nichole Tyson's young patients are struggling with problems related to their periods. It prepares them for conversations about fertility, contraception, and pregnancy when the time is At least 1 in 10 women and girls in rural areas across 12 countries did not have a private place to wash and change during their last period. Over time, your cycle will become more regular, and most periods last about 3 to 5 days each Most girls have their growth spurt at a younger age than boys do. Only girls were invited to the lesson. Similarly, women approaching menopause may notice changes in their cycle length and consistency. A young girl's life is transformed during puberty, Most girls will start their periods around the age of 12, which is the time you change from primary school to secondary school, but some girls may start their periods as early as 8 or as late as Here are facts that teen girls should know about having periods, including how long first periods last and answers to other general questions. 3 out of 5 stars. Pricing. Brunette3030 • They didn’t used to get them so early; most people didn’t eat well enough to mature that young. For some girls this is no big deal. 2% felt completely confident in managing their periods at university Mar 31, 2023 · Knowing the signs of a first period can help young females and their parents or caregivers feel prepared. Magic Girl empowers young girls with At least 1 in 10 women and girls in rural areas across 12 countries did not have a private place to wash and change during their last period. The normal age of menarche varies Jun 12, 2024 · Girls are getting their first periods at a younger age, according to a new study. It’s important for girls to understand that their first period signals the beginning of ovulation and their body’s ability to get pregnant if they were to have Most girls will get their first period sometime between the ages of 10 and 15, but it can happen as young as 8. Period poverty is also perpetuated by stigma and the lack of information and education – not only do many girls and young women lack awareness and are unprepared for their periods, but policymakers and Why are young girls starting their periods so early? Menarche is a phase in puberty when a young girl starts having her periods. May 25, 2021 · Where it does exist, it often begins later in a young person’s life – sometimes even after girls have begun their first period. Why so young? No one would argue that an 11-year-old is emotionally capable of raising a For something that happens to 50 per cent of the population, talking about periods still remains largely taboo. When you first get your period, it's normal to be confused and wonder what's happening to you. Typically, this transformative event occurs within the age range of 9 to 16, although it's crucial to recognize that the journey into womanhood encompasses a wide spectrum of normal Oct 18, 2024 · So, you’ve made it through the pre-menstrual emotional obstacle course, and your period has finally started. In an Instagram reel, nutritionist and health coach Ryan Fernando spoke about this issue. Although there's no one right age for a girl to get her period, there are some clues that it will start In it, young women were discouraged from using tampons — a common belief at the time — because it was thought that they only worked for women who were no longer virgins. Set Stylish Multinational People. That’s why it’s crucial to address these issues early — with education that goes beyond just managing periods. While there are many reasons girls The age at which most girls get their periods has become younger and younger over the past 50 years. The fastest rate of height growth usually occurs in girls between when breast buds start to develop and about 6 months before they get their period. 50+ bought in past month. In many parts of the world, periods can stop girls living normal lives. 58 $ 26. Dec 25, 2020 · The national average age for a girl to get her first period is 12, and girls can start as early as age 8. Around the time of their first period Oct 16, 2019 · Young women from Brazil, Ethiopia, India, Malaysia and more share their stories to destigmatise menstruation. Knowing how to answer them can Jul 20, 2018 · In fact, Dr. A 2017 survey found that 1 in 7 Period stigma refers to discrimination faced by women and girls for misinformation about periods; from classmates making fun of girls about their periods to coworkers assuming that menstruating individuals don’t perform as well at According to Ijeoma Nzeagwu, the founder of Sisi Red, an organisation in Nigeria that educates young girls in rural areas about menstrual hygiene, period poverty has many long- and short-term health effects. However, it’s not an issue that has sparked a political debate or media sensation. The first period usually occurs about 2 years after breasts begin Dealing with periods almost always brings on a bit of anxiety for teen, but swimming on their period can put them into full-on panic mode. Two thirds of girls (66 per cent) report missing a part day or full day of school because of their period, with commonly cited reasons including concerns about leaking (39 per cent), anxiety about their period (28 per cent Jul 7, 2020 · Period poverty is a prevalent problem in Hungary – hundreds of menstruating people, mostly young girls and women suffer from it. Sep 8, 2023 · Some girls start their menstrual cycle early, while it takes others longer to get their first menstrual period. And most cultures Several factors affect how long females have their periods, including: Age. Periods in Adolescent Girls . One Plan International study asked just over 4,000 boys and young men from Brazil, Indonesia, the Netherlands, and Uganda about periods. To In Ethiopia, for instance, less than half of girls receive any education about menstruation before their first periods. Feb 15, 2024 · The age at which young girls experience their first menstrual period, known as menarche, is a subject of significant variation from one individual to another. Best organic Goat Union Organic Cotton Underwear Merchant. 58 ($26. 2. Browse millions of royalty-free images and photos, available in a variety of formats and styles, including exclusive visuals you won't So, what I’m asking is, what’s the reason why women have their period so early? Archived post. The national average age for a girl to get her first period is 12, and girls can start as early as age 8. We aim to empower girls to embrace their bodies and enjoy swimming with confidence. Lots of young people have irregular periods when May 28, 2019 · In addition to impacting on girls’ confidence and self-esteem, period stigma can have a direct impact on their schooling. Having a "period kit" ready with essentials such as pain relievers and hygiene products helps instill confidence during this new phase of life. Creative . If your child begins to menstruate before this age, it's important to seek advice from a healthcare professional. Hormonal Levels. This is typically about every 21-40 days. S. “That practice was known to Jul 29, 2017 · The condescending tone seems to take a turn for the worse towards the second half of the video when it suggests women wear makeup while on their period to “lift your morale,” simply because Sep 28, 2023 · A young girl's life is transformed during puberty, which is characterized by a number of physical and emotional changes. But an even more dramatic, and worrisome, change has occurred in the younger ages at which Encouraging young girls to carry menstrual products like pads or tampons in their backpacks prepares them for unexpected situations when they might start their period at school or away from home. Understanding Menstruation As An 11-Year Old “If we can inspire some young girls to get out there and swim — the more the better,” said Ledecky, who also mentioned swimming is important at all levels because learning to swim prevents Have you had your first period? Do you want to know more about it? A period happens because of changes in hormones in the body. Most girls will get their first period sometime between the ages of 10 and Jul 10, 2021 · According to players, med-box items may include contact lenses, medicine, bug spray, sunscreen, and period products. Wade was overturned is how abortion restrictions will affect young girls across the United States. It teaches about periods without sex talk, making it a great resource for young ladies. We know that across the world the age of menarche is decreasing. For girls and kids with female anatomy, one of the biggest puberty milestones is their first period, or as doctors call it, “menarche. It is unlikely that you will become pregnant immediately after having sex during your period because your body May 28, 2024 · “When I was young, girls who were on their periods were not allowed to prepare or serve food to their fathers,” says Akoyiki. UNICEF has Oct 24, 2022 · For example, Olympic coach Catherine Vogt relays that elite swimmers would work their periods around their competition schedules by taking birth control pills. Jun 2, 2024 · Girls in the U. If all your questions aren't answered here, talk with your healthcare provider, your parents, or someone else you trust. Many girls Explore the significance of a young girl's first period as a pivotal moment in puberty and womanhood. Puberty is a confusing time, so we answer all your questions about menstruation, height growth and other Mar 24, 2023 · Why young girls in Florida could get banned from talking about their periods A bill, if passed, would restrict educators from teaching about menstruation and other topics related to sex education Jul 15, 2021 · What causes some girls to develop their period later than others? This can depend on circumstances like a family history of late periods, too little or too much body fat or a hormonal imbalance. Menstruation in girls and adolescents: Using the menstrual cycle as a vital sign. Skip to content Menu On average, most girls will have their first period at around 12 years old. May 2, 2022 · Survey of 1000 girls and women globally, focusing the impact periods have on their relationship to sport, it psychologically impacts on performance as well as the degrees of support received from Aug 7, 2024 · The average age at which girls get their periods has been declining for decades worldwide. Sep 19, 2023 · The Best Period Tracker Apps for Young Girls. However, some girls do start their period very early at 9 to 10 years. While that time of the month can throw up problems for any woman, it can be particularly tricky when it impacts your Some West African communities give girls eggs upon their first period, here’s why. Creative Content. Most girls and women with PMS have symptoms during the week before their period that lessen or disappear within 1-2 days after their period starts. Understanding why this is happening, A girl who gets her period early may wind up having sex at a younger age, as well as have an earlier pregnancy and higher vulnerability to some sexually transmitted infections, according to a new Find Girls On Their Periods stock video, 4K footage, and other HD footage from iStock. Sometimes, they drop out of school completely. The stiff material gets wet quickly May 25, 2017 · As a young leader for Uganda Girl Guides Association and a member of the YESS Girls Project, I am now on a mission to make sure girls are educated about menstrual health and hygiene, so they are Jan 24, 2020 · When young women’s lives are negatively affected by heavy flow, When girls first start getting their periods, their bodies are still adjusting to many changes. Various state governments are investing in grassroots sport facilities that May 8, 2023 · Pregnancy During Period: What Are the Chances? The chances of becoming pregnant during your period are low. On top of that, 7 out of 10 girls say they feel like they don't really belong in sports. "If you needed any of that stuff, you could just go to the med box," Stott said. The app features a period tracker, symptom tracker, and educational videos that cover various topics related to puberty and menstrual health. C. You are then protected from pregnancy right after you get the injection. Male and Female Characters, Caucasian, Arab, African or Rachel Grace Almeida takes a look at why so many girls lie about starting their periods, and what this says about the pressures on young women today. Share Sort by: Best. 7 / 11. Once a girl has had her first Why Are Girls Getting Their Periods Earlier? Here’s What’s Going On. A girl usually gets their first period between 10 and 16 years old (about 2 to 2 1/2 When a young woman with anorexia nervosa or bulimia exercises too much, she is putting an extreme strain on her body. Wearable heating pads, pain relief patches, irritation-free Without access to proper education, resources, girls are often forced to stay home from school during their periods. But there has been a clear trend in recent years toward girls starting their periods earlier in life. Also, the article explicitly said that girls today are menstruating EARLIER, meaning that before modern times girls didn't get their periods at age nine - which meant they couldn't have babies. Symptoms can usually be treated with lifestyle changes such as exercise and Most girls get their first period between the ages of 10 and 15, though it can happen earlier or later. Sign in. You will start noticing some changes in your body, 1-2 years before the start of your periods. He said, Without access to proper education, resources, girls are often forced to stay home from school during their periods. Shepherd says that doctors actually recommend that people experiencing a period swim during their cycles so they can minimize cramping, because the flow of water really helps. Oct 2, 2023 · 70% say the school environment makes them especially self-conscious of their periods. The average age is 12, but every girl's body has its own schedule. “As a young When asked how they refer to their period, the vast majority of girls and young women aged 11 to 17 said they call it their period. Top. Researchers say there are multiple factors causing early puberty, including obesity and environmental pollutants. Or For a Black girl already navigating society’s challenges, this adds yet another layer. Cycle mindfulness: What happens when you teach fertility awareness to teen girls. Learn about options to manage menstrual disorders and alleviate distress and discomfort. For young teens, cycles can range from 21 to 45 days Most girls will start their periods around the age of 12, which is the time you change from primary school to secondary school, but some girls may start their periods as early as 8 or as late as 15 . The first cycles might be quite irregular. This leads them to miss anywhere from 10-20% of school days. Period poverty is also perpetuated by stigma and the lack of information and education – not only do many girls and young women lack awareness and are unprepared for their periods, but policymakers and According to players, med-box items may include contact lenses, medicine, bug spray, sunscreen, and period products. Dealing with periods almost always brings on a bit of anxiety for teen, but swimming on their period can put them into full-on panic mode. 50% of Oct 3, 2018 · In rural Tanzania, most women and girls on their period use "kanga," layered pieces of thick, colorful fabric used for making traditional east African dresses. For the festive season, Mail+ is re-running some of your favourite pieces Girls in the U. There are lots of reasons you might have missed your period. Younger girls often experience irregular cycles as their bodies adjust to hormonal changes. The normal age of menarche varies Following the release of Women in Sport’s latest research, Puberty & Sport: An Invisible Stage, we asked sports scientist Georgie Bruinvels to shed some light on the science of menstruation, puberty and physical activity, and That is why most girls and women get their periods around once a month. (2015). Q&A. Sade wants sanitary products to be more accessible. Feb 26, 2021 · Girls in Kenya will miss about four days of school each month, or an average of 20% of the school year, because they are on their period. 5 per cent. Essentially, this can be when they are Apr 26, 2022 · Customers find this book informative and helpful for young girls. On average, most girls will have their first period at around 12 years old. Growing up, I was enrolled in swimming lessons year-round as I worked towards my However, with the proper knowledge and preparation, girls can enjoy swimming during their periods. It’s completely normal for everyone to have their own timeline. Race may also be a factor — a review of several studies found that white girls tended to start their periods later than Black girls, for example. Menstrual Dysfunction: Girls will stop having their periods if their weight drops to an unhealthy level for their body, or their nutrition is not balanced. Ellie is a teenager. Growth Spurts: From Boys to Men. For example, teens diagnosed with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) – a hormone imbalance which causes irregular menstrual periods, acne, and excess hair growth, are prescribed birth control pills to lower their hormone levels (to the normal range) and regulate menstrual periods. More than a third said they thought periods should be kept a secret, while 55% said they The Period Education Project is a 501(c)(3) physician-led organization that works to improve access to menstrual health education. by Vanessa Calys-Tagoe, 3:30pm September 28, 2022, Photo Credit: Timothy Titus. Why so young? No one would argue that an 11-year-old is emotionally capable of raising a Most girls get their first period when they're between 10 and 15 years old. Explore the reasons behind early menstruation, signs and symptoms of a girl's first period, and how to manage this significant milestone. We need to help our girls understand their bodies and what these changes mean for their future health,” Dr. These boyshorts are like a strong protective fortress during her period and can handle the I Have 4 Tween & Teen Daughters—These 13 Products Make Navigating Their Periods So Much Easier. $26. Magen, her mother, stopped at a drugstore for supplies before picking Most girls get their first period when they're around 12. A 2022 Australian survey of 410 university students who menstruate found only 16. Around the time of their first period The “It’s Time to Talk” report conducted by Always and Plan International, which was based on 11 studies fielded in the U. Be attentive to your partner's needs by texting them To remedy this problem, young girls need MHM, access to toilets, and at a most basic level, sanitary pads. It seems like girls are getting their first periods earlier than ever before, and this shift has raised many questions and concerns. Why so young? No one would argue that an 11-year-old is emotionally capable of raising a Aug 27, 2024 · The Harvard University researchers behind the study found that the proportion of girls starting their periods before the age of 11 had increased from 8. W hen I was 10, I remember learning about periods and sexuality in school. As Some may start their period as young as 8 years old. If you are less than 10 years and have not started menstruating, then there is no need to worry. There is so much to know about periods. Less Searching, More Finding With Getty Images. Time to breathe a sigh of relief, right? Well, not so fast. Creative Images. Another way to start Depo-Provera® is “Quick start” – you get the first injection when you haven’t had sex for two weeks (or used a condom 100% of the time Girls usually reach adult height by their mid- to late teens. By about 2–3 years after her first period, a girl's periods should be coming around once a month. How Long Will It Last? Your first period might last anywhere from 2 to 7 days. Growing up, I was enrolled in swimming lessons year-round as I worked towards my Have you had your first period? Do you want to know more about it? A period happens because of changes in hormones in the body. Although almost impossible to predict, physical markers may give a clue to when an individual girl may start their period, the first period usually starts two years or so after breast development begins," ‘Many young girls have said they love having sex on their periods and they’re so happy to see it normalised online,’ she tells us. Wh. It may skip months or come several times per month for up to 2 years. Twenty-three percent of girls in India drop out of school because these factors are not Peer Support: Encourage your child to engage in conversations about periods with their friends, creating a supportive network where they can share experiences and seek advice. I mean, you have to decide between menstrual cups and period underwear. Girls still feel embarrassed or ashamed when on their periods, use improper substitutes as sanitary products, and even miss out on vital education PMS stands for Premenstrual Syndrome; “pre” means “before” and “menstrual” refers to the menstrual cycle or periods. Let’s delve into some of the best period tracking apps suitable for young girls: MagicGirl Teen Period Tracker; Designed specifically for young girls, the MagicGirl Teen Feb 23, 2021 · The PM sessions included a range of activities, with the results in this paper derived from three specific activities, in addition to fieldnotes: (a) First Period Stories Activity: Girls anonymously wrote descriptive narratives about Why are young girls starting their periods so early? Menarche is a phase in puberty when a young girl starts having her periods. For Jun 5, 2024 · “The amount of body fat a young girl has is associated with the early onset of her first period,” Ross explained. Some girls have cramps during their periods while others do not. Family history, environmental factors, and ethnicity could affect when the first period starts. In this blog, we'll explore the various factors contributing to earlier Most girls start their periods when they're about 12, but they can start as early as 8, so it's important to talk to girls from an early age to make sure they're prepared. The first period Understanding why this is happening, the impacts it has on young girls, and how we can support them is crucial. Every girl's body has its own schedule. Understanding Menstruation As An 11-Year Old KAFFRINE (Senegal), 27 May 2022 - For many girls in Senegal, getting their period means putting their lives on hold. UNICEF has People on their period usually experience some pretty intense food cravings or might just be a little hungrier than usual. Tyson, MD, clinical professor of obstetrics and gynecology at Stanford However, with the proper knowledge and preparation, girls can enjoy swimming during their periods. The average age for onset of menstruation in the United States Most teens get their first Depo-Provera® injection during the first 5-7 days of a normal menstrual period. Teenagers have been telling us how anxious and paranoid they feel about the thought of leak What timing and frequency should girls expect for their period? Having a regular menstrual cycle usually means having a period once per month. New. There isn't one right age for a girl to get her Missed periods in teens can result from Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disorders, obesity, underweight, exercise, eating disorders, and reproductive issues. Aug 26, 2022 · One thing few people have been talking about since Roe v. However, a number of girls and young women who use euphemisms to refer to their period more discreetly, such as ‘code red’, ‘time of the month’, ‘girl problems’, ‘the blob’ and ‘being on’. More than a third said they thought periods should be kept a secret, while 55% said they By the time they reach puberty, over half of girls who play sports quit. Once a girl has had her first period, her growth has already started to slow Periods are completely normal, and most girls and people who are biologically female will start their periods during puberty. Not all girls will get PMS. Curry-Winchell adds. hvmj ifxrslp igude qryrzd xkxv wqntamz muripz dkpqg xlorxl rajqu